Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder that affects the nerve cell activity in your brain, causing seizures. During seizures, you may experience abnormal behavior, symptoms and sensations, including loss of consciousness.
About 1 in 26 people in the United States will develop a seizure disorder. Approximately 10 percent of individuals will experience one or more unprovoked seizures. However, having one seizure doesn't mean you have epilepsy. Usually, at least two or more seizures are required for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Seizure signs and symptoms vary. Some people with epilepsy simply stare blankly for a few seconds during a seizure, while others repeatedly twitch their arms or legs.
Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures. Epileptic seizures are episodes that can vary from brief and nearly undetectable to long periods of vigorous shaking. In epilepsy, seizures tend to recur, and have no immediate underlying cause while seizures that occur due to a specific cause are not deemed to represent epilepsy.
The cause of most cases of epilepsy is unknown, although some people develop epilepsy as the result of brain injury, stroke, brain tumor, and drug and alcohol misuse. Genetic mutations are linked to a small proportion of the disease. Epileptic seizures are the result of excessive and abnormal cortical nerve cell activity in the brain. The diagnosis typically involves ruling out other conditions that might cause similar symptoms such as syncope. Additionally it involves determining if any other cause of seizures are present such as alcohol withdrawal or electrolyte problems. This may be done by doing imaging of the brain and blood tests. Epilepsy can often be confirmed with an electroencephalogram (EEG) but a normal test does not rule out the disease.
Seizures are controllable with medication in about 70% of cases. In those whose seizures do not respond to medication, surgery, neurostimulation or dietary changes may be considered. Not all cases of epilepsy are lifelong, and a substantial number of people improve to the point that medication is no longer needed.
About 1% of people worldwide (65 million) have epilepsy, and nearly 80% of cases occur in developing countries. Epilepsy becomes more common as people age. In the developed world, onset of new cases occurs most frequently in infants and the elderly; in the developing world this is in older children and young adults, due to differences in the frequency of the underlying causes. About 5-10% of all people will have an unprovoked seizure by the age of 80, and the chance of experiencing a second seizure is between 40 and 50%. In many areas of the world those with epilepsy either have their ability to drive restricted or disallowed, but most are able to return to driving after a period of time without seizures.
Epilepsy is a group of related disorders characterized by a tendency for recurrent seizures. There are different types of epilepsy and seizures. Epilepsy drugs are prescribed to control seizures, and rarely surgery is necessary if medications are ineffective.
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Epilepsy Symptoms
While many types of repetitive behavior may represent a neurological problem, a doctor needs to establish whether or not they are seizures.
Generalized seizures: All areas of the brain (the cortex) are involved in a generalized seizure. Sometimes these are referred to as grand mal seizures.
The person experiencing such a seizure may cry out or make some sound, stiffen for several seconds to a minute and then have rhythmic movements of the arms and legs. Often the rhythmic movements slow before stopping.
Eyes are generally open.
The person may appear to not be breathing and actually turn blue. This may be followed by a period of deep, noisy breathes.
The return to consciousness is gradual and the person may be confused for quite some time -- minutes to hours.
Loss of urine is common.
The person will frequently be confused after a generalized seizure.
Partial or focal seizures: Only part of the brain is involved, so only part of the body is affected. Depending on the part of the brain having abnormal electrical activity, symptoms may vary.
If the part of the brain controlling movement of the hand is involved, then only the hand may show rhythmic or jerky movements.
If other areas of the brain are involved, symptoms might include strange sensations like a full feeling in the stomach or small repetitive movements such as picking at one's clothes or smacking of the lips.
Sometimes the person with a partial seizure appears dazed or confused. This may represent a complex partial seizure. The term complex is used by doctors to describe a person who is between being fully alert and unconscious.
Absence or petit mal seizures: These are most common in childhood.
Impairment of consciousness is present with the person often staring blankly.
Repetitive blinking or other small movements may be present.
Typically, these seizures are brief, lasting only seconds. Some people may have many of these in a day.
Epilepsy is a chronic disorder, the hallmark of which is recurrent, unprovoked seizures. Many people with epilepsy have more than one type of seizure and may have other symptoms of neurological problems as well.
Sometimes EEG testing, clinical history, family history and outlook are similar among a group of people with epilepsy. In these situations, their condition can be defined as a specific epilepsy syndrome.
The human brain is the source of human epilepsy. Although the symptoms of a seizure may affect any part of the body, the electrical events that produce the symptoms occur in the brain. The location of that event, how it spreads and how much of the brain is affected, and how long it lasts all have profound effects. These factors determine the character of a seizure and its impact on the individual.
Having seizures and epilepsy also can also affect one's safety, relationships, work, driving and so much more. How epilepsy is perceived or how people are treated (stigma) often is a bigger problem than the seizures.
Hospitals such as hospital in Nagpur provide specialized treatment for Neuro treatment. The cost of surgery is comparatively quite low in Spine and Neuro Surgery Hospital.
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Fabian Kibugi Kenya
Brain Tumor Surgery in India
Fabian Kibugi, a 47-year-old from Kenya, had been experiencing increasing pressure in his head, which was especially severe in the mornings...
Asana McLeod, a 59-year-old man from Jamaica, faced a daunting diagnosis: Pituitary Macroadenoma. The news was a heavy blow, and Asana knew he needed to find the ..
Kenyan Patient Review: Successful Brain Tumor Surgery in India
Patient Name : Fabian Kibugi Age : 47 Gender : Male Country of Origin : Kenya Doctor Name : Dr Arun Saroha Hospital Name : Max Hospital Saket Treatment : Brain Tumor Surgery Patient Rating : ★★★★★4.9/5
Fabian Kibugi, a 47-year-old from Kenya, had been experiencing increasing pressure in his head, which was especially severe in the mornings. He also suffered from nausea, vomiting, and trouble with his balance. Concerned by these symptoms, he visited his doctor clinic in Kenya, who diagnosed him with a brain tumor. The diagnosis was daunting, and his doctor advised that the tumor needed to be surgically removed.
Determined to find the best possible care, Fabian began searching for top brain surgeons in the world. During his research, he came across our Spine and Neuro Surgery Hospital India website, which offered detailed accounts of successful treatments. Encouraged by these positive patient experiences, he decided to share his query on the website. He was promptly connected with a dedicated case manager who provided invaluable support throughout his journey.
The case manager facilitated a comprehensive review of Fabian’s medical condition by top brain tumor surgeons in India. After receiving detailed clinical advice and a treatment plan, he felt confident in proceeding with the surgery. The case manager efficiently assisted with all necessary arrangements, including obtaining a VISA Invitation Letter, ensuring a smooth process for his travel.
Upon arriving in India, Fabian was warmly welcomed and taken to the Max Hospital Saket, where he met Dr Arun Saroha and the medical staff assigned to his case. The team conducted a thorough evaluation to confirm the diagnosis and finalize the surgical plan.
On the day of the surgery, Fabian was prepped and put under general anesthesia. The brain tumor removal procedure involved a craniotomy, where the surgeons made an incision in his scalp and removed a small portion of the skull to access the tumor. Using advanced surgical techniques and equipment, the surgeons meticulously removed the tumor while ensuring minimal impact on surrounding brain tissue. The precision and expertise of the surgical team were paramount in achieving a successful outcome.
The surgery was successful, and Fabian's recovery process began smoothly. He stayed in the hospital for a few days under close observation, where the medical staff provided exceptional care and support. He received medications to manage pain and prevent any potential complications, and he was given detailed instructions on post-operative care.
After being discharged, Fabian continued to recover well, experiencing a significant reduction in his symptoms. The case manager remained in touch, ensuring that he had everything needed for a comfortable recovery. With his condition steadily improving, he felt immense relief and gratitude for the care he received.
Singapore Patient Shares Experience of Gamma Knife Surgery for Brain Tumor in India
Patient Name : Rob Matthew Age : 38 Gender : Male Country of Origin : Singapore Doctor Name : Dr. Aditya Gupta Hospital Name : Artemis Hospital Gurgaon Treatment : Gamma Knife Radiosurgery Patient Rating : ★★★★★4.9/5
Rob Matthew, a 38-year-old man from Singapore, had been struggling with a brain tumor that significantly affected his daily life. The tumor caused frequent headaches, dizziness, and difficulty concentrating, which disrupted his routine and work life. Determined to find an effective treatment, Rob started exploring medical options in India, known for its advanced and cost-effective treatment.
During his search, Rob came across our Spine and Neuro Surgery Hospital India website and connected with one of our dedicated case managers. The case manager promptly set up an online consultation with Dr. Aditya Gupta, one of India's top neurosurgeons. Rob's medical history and scans were thoroughly reviewed, and the doctor provided a tailored treatment plan, recommending Gamma Knife radiotherapy as the best option for Rob's condition.
Gamma Knife radiotherapy is a non-invasive procedure that uses focused beams of radiation to target and treat brain tumors with high precision. It minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissue, making it an optimal choice compared to traditional brain surgeries. Encouraged by the detailed explanation and the expertise of Dr. Aditya Gupta, Rob decided to proceed with the treatment.
With the help of the case manager, Rob quickly filed for a medical visa and soon received approval. He flew to India and was greeted by the case manager, who facilitated his transportation to the Artemis Hospital Gurgaon. Upon arrival, Rob underwent complete evaluations and additional tests to ensure he was ready for the Gamma Knife procedure.
On the day of the treatment, Rob was prepped and taken to the Gamma Knife suite. The procedure involved fitting a lightweight stereotactic frame to his head to precisely locate the tumor. Advanced imaging techniques, such as MRI or CT scans, were used to create a detailed map of Rob's brain. This map guided the neurosurgeon in delivering multiple beams of radiation from different angles, all converging on the tumor.
The entire procedure was completed in one day, and Rob remained awake throughout, experiencing no pain. The non-invasive nature of Gamma Knife radiotherapy meant that there were no incisions, and Rob could avoid the risks and extended recovery time associated with traditional brain surgery.
Following the treatment, Rob was monitored for a few hours and then discharged from the hospital. The minimal side effects and the immediate ability to resume normal activities greatly impressed him. Rob stayed in India for a short period to ensure there were no complications and to attend follow-up consultations with Dr. Aditya Gupta.
Reflecting on his experience, Rob felt immense relief and satisfaction with the treatment he received. The Gamma Knife radiotherapy effectively targeted his brain tumor, and the professionalism and care provided by Dr. Aditya Gupta, Artemis Hospital Gurgaon and the medical team made a significant difference in his recovery. The support from the case manager, who guided him through the entire process from visa application to post-treatment follow-up, was invaluable.
Rob's journey is a testament to the transformative power of advanced medical treatments and the importance of finding the right medical expertise. The successful Gamma Knife radiotherapy and the comprehensive care he received in India allowed Rob to regain his health and resume his daily life with renewed energy. His experience underscores the value of seeking specialized treatment and the profound impact of compassionate, professional medical support.
Jamaican Patient Testimonial: Cyberknife Treatment for Pituitary Macroadenoma in India
Patient Name : Asana McLeod Age : 59 Gender : Male Country of Origin : Jamaica Doctor Name : Dr Sandeep Vaishya Hospital Name : FMRI Hospital Gurgaon Treatment : Cyberknife Treatment Patient Rating : Patient Rating : ★★★★★4.9/5
Asana McLeod, a 59-year-old man from Jamaica, faced a daunting diagnosis: Pituitary Macroadenoma. The news was a heavy blow, and Asana knew he needed to find the best possible treatment to deal with this challenging tumor. Determined to explore all available options, he began an extensive search for top neuro surgeons. This search led him to Spine and Neuro Surgery Hospital India website, where he was promptly connected with our dedicated case manager.
Our case manager played a crucial role in Asana’s journey. They immediately facilitated the connection between Asana and some of the most renowned cyberknife neurosurgeons of India. Asana's reports and scans were meticulously reviewed by these experts, who then devised a comprehensive treatment plan. This plan recommended the use of CyberKnife, a state-of-the-art procedure known for its precision and effectiveness in treating such tumors.
Before making any decisions, Asana discussed the proposed treatment with his family and friends. Their support and encouragement helped him make the critical decision to travel to India for the procedure. Our case manager assisted Asana every step of the way, from navigating the complexities of the visa application process to arranging his travel and stay in India.
Upon his arrival in India, Asana was warmly welcomed by Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon team. Dr Sandeep Vaishya provided him with a thorough explanation of the CyberKnife procedure, ensuring that he understood every detail and felt comfortable with the upcoming treatment. Asana underwent a series of pre-treatment tests and evaluations to tailor the CyberKnife therapy specifically to his condition.
The CyberKnife treatment itself was a series of sessions designed to precisely target and treat Asana’s pituitary macroadenoma. Unlike traditional surgery, CyberKnife is a non-invasive, pain-free procedure that uses highly focused beams of radiation to destroy the tumor cells while sparing the surrounding healthy tissue. Asana lay comfortably on the treatment table as the CyberKnife system moved around him, delivering radiation from different angles. Each session lasted about 30 to 90 minutes, with Asana experiencing minimal discomfort.
Over the course of a few weeks, Asana underwent several CyberKnife therapy sessions. Throughout this period, he was closely monitored by our medical team. They conducted regular scans and assessments to track the progress of the treatment and ensure there were no adverse effects. The precision of CyberKnife meant that Asana could carry on with his daily activities without the usual downtime associated with conventional radiation therapy.
Asana responded positively to the treatment. The follow-up scans showed a significant reduction in the tumor size, and there was no evidence of recurrence. Our medical team was vigilant in their post-treatment care, conducting regular check-ups to monitor Asana’s health and ensure the long-term success of the therapy.
Filled with relief and gratitude, Asana returned to Jamaica, his life significantly improved. The successful CyberKnife treatment not only alleviated his symptoms but also gave him a new lease on life.